Indonesia is racing to expand aluminum and alumina production, leveraging coal-fired smelting and heavy Chinese investment as Middle East disruptions from the Iran war tighten global supply and boost prices. While this accelerates output toward ambitious 2030 targets, critics warn coal-powered smelting undercuts climate aims and could worsen local air pollution, fueling debates over greener energy options.

World· Sep 1, 2026

Facts from Wikidata (CC0).

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Eenergy in Indonesia· World · 5 sources · Sep 1, 2026Story

Indonesia targets 14-fold aluminum growth by 2030 with coal and Chinese funding

World· Sep 1, 2026

Facts from Wikidata (CC0).

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About energy in Indonesia

In 2019, the total energy production in Indonesia is 450.79 million tonnes of oil equivalent, with a total primary energy supply of 231.14 million tonnes of oil equivalent and electricity final consumption of 263.32 terawatt-hours. From 2000 to 2021, Indonesia's total energy supply increased by nearly 60%.

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